On 13/12/2008, Robert Gates, the US Secretary of Defence speaking at international security conference in Bahrain gave some insight about forthcoming relations between America and Iran. He said, "Nobody is after a regime change in Iran...What we are after is a change in policies and a change in behaviour so that Iran becomes a good neighbour of people in the region (rather) than a source of instability and violence."Do the above comments represent a departure from the policies pursued by the Bush administration to change Iran's behaviour? What are the implications for Israel's security and that of the whole region?
To answers these questions that following points need to be considered:
1. The first administration of George Bush was dominated by neoconservatives who held the opinion that the best way to control the people of the Middle East was through the promotion of democracy through forcible regime change. This model failed soon after the invasion of Iraq, and set in motion a vigorous policy debate amongst America's politicians and academia. The second Bush administration made some adjustments and abandoned this approach. Nevertheless, it was unable change its rhetoric towards Iran because of two factors. First, the bellicose language helped the US aggressively push its missile shield programme in face of stiff Russian opposition. Additionally, it enabled the US to enter into new security pacts with the frightened gulf countries. Second, the close ties between the Jewish lobby and Bush administration prevented it from removing the military option off the table-even though the probability of war between US and Iran had greatly diminished.
2. The political language adopted by President elect Obama and his foreign policy team which includes, Defence Secretary Robert Gates, and his foreign policy advisor Brzezinski suggests that the US will use diplomacy and soft power to not only normalise US-relations with Iran, but also to bolster Iran and encourage it to play an active role in the region. As early as July 2004, Brzezinski and Gates advocated greater engagement with Iran to change Tehran's behaviour through a system of reward and punishments. Both co-chaired a task force to study on how best to approach America's relations with Iran. The outcome of the task force was a report entitled ‘Iran: Time for a New Approach'. The substantive nature of the report opposed the neoconservative assertion of regime change. The report stated: ‘The Task Force reaches the important assessment that despite considerable political flux and popular dissatisfaction, Iran is not on the verge of another revolution. From this finding flows its advocacy of the United States adopting a policy of what it describes as limited or selective engagement with the current Iranian government...The Task Force concluded that the current lack of sustained engagement with Iran harms U.S. interests in a critical region of the world and that direct dialogue with Tehran on specific areas of mutual concern should be pursued."[2] In 2006, Gates was part of the bipartisan Iraq Study Group, which also advocated diplomatic outreach to Iran. In a speech to a group of retired diplomats this year, Mr. Gates said the U.S. needed to "develop some leverage on Iran" and then "sit down and talk with them."
More or less, throughout his election campaign Barrack Obama has stressed the importance of talking to Iran and has played down the prospect of employing military action. Writing in Foreign Affairs in July 2007, Obama stated: 'Throughout the Middle East, we must harness American power to reinvigorate American diplomacy. Tough-minded diplomacy, backed by the whole range of instruments of American power-political, economic, and military-could bring success even when dealing with long-standing adversaries such as Iran and Syria'.[3] In a September 2007 in a speech in Iowa, Obama voiced concern over Bush's policy on Iran. He said, "...we hear eerie echoes of the run-up to the war in Iraq in the way that the President and Vice President talk about Iran. ... They issue veiled threats. They suggest that the time for diplomacy and pressure is running out when we haven't even tried direct diplomacy. Well George Bush and Dick Cheney must hear - loud and clear - from the American people and the Congress: you don't have our support, and you don't have our authorization for another war." In December 2008, Obama gave an interview on Sunday's "Meet the Press" with host Tom Brokaw. During the interview Obama said that he would pursue "tough but direct diplomacy with Iran." Obama said that he would offer Iran economic incentives if it abandoned its nuclear program but would seek to punish the country with tougher sanctions if it refused to cooperate.
Brzezinski has been an avid supporter of normalizing relations with Iran. Brzezinski, in his book ‘Second Chance' chastises the Bush administration for damaging American prospects in the Middle East through the futile pursuit of regime change. In December 2008, The Salt Lake Tribune quoted Brzezinski as saying, "One of the reasons that I do favour a dialogue with the Iranians, and if it is feasible, the establishment of normal diplomatic relationships, is that I think that would help promote political change in a country which is far less centrally controlled, far less subject to effective state authority than was or is the case in the People's Republic of China." It might be added here that whilst Hilary Clinton has adopted a hardened posture against Iran during her presidential campaign, it is expected that she will reflect the new approach both in word and deed.
3. Apart from the clandestine cooperation between the two countries to secure American interest in the region-ranging from supporting Hamas and Hezbollah in the Levant, strengthening the Iraqi government and fighting Sunni and Shia resistance fighters, to stabilising Afghanistan-official contact has gradually grown over the past year or so. The Bush administration has progressively taken a number of steps to prepare the ground for Obama to complete the normalisation process. For instance the presence of the highest ranking US official, William Burns in the Geneva talks with Iran came after a series of meetings between the two countries. Another is the administration's announcement to establish a U.S. diplomatic mission in Tehran to facilitate people to people contact. America has also snubbed Israeli advances to attack Iran. America played down Israel's show of air power over the Mediterranean a few months ago, and has refused to sell the powerful GBU-29 bunker-busters bombs.
More recently, the US has exploited Israeli apprehensions over Iran's nuclear programme and offered Tel Aviv new security guarantees. This includes NATO protection and a promise of a nuclear umbrella. On 2/12/2008 NATO authorized a pact to strengthen and expand Israel's security and political relations with the states in the military alliance. Under Individual Cooperation Program (ICP) agreement permits the exchange of intelligence information and security expertise on different subjects, an increase in the number of joint Israel-NATO military exercises and further cooperation in the fight against nuclear proliferation. It also paves the way for an improvement of collaboration in the fields of rearmament and logistics and Israel's electronic link to the NATO system. Livni hailed the treaty and said,"Israel's security capabilities are a household name and we see the strengthening of cooperation between Israel and the international security body as a strategic objective that reinforces Israel."[4]
According to press reports, the U.S. nuclear guarantee would be backed by a new Israeli missile defence system, and the U.S. early-warning radar system already deployed in the Negev desert to counter Iranian missiles. The report further suggests that by granting Israel a nuclear guarantee the U.S. is willing to come to terms with a nuclear Iran, where the uranium enrichment program has reportedly "passed beyond the point of no return." [5] No doubt America will use NATO in the future to push for a resolution to the Palestinian question, check Israeli ambitions of expansion beyond Palestine and deploy NATO forces to quell popular uprisings in the region. On 12/12/2008 Brzezinski alluded to some of the US motives behind NATO's agreement with Israel. He said, "The possible involvement of NATO is not a question of war on terror, but ensuring that the Palestinian state is not a military threat, but at the same time stable and secure, and NATO presence could bring this double benefit. Perhaps a NATO presence [could] ensure a peace agreement, or maybe even an American presence along the Jordan River, to give the Israelis sense of geographical security."
4. Despite the continuous imposition of sanctions against Iran over its nuclear programme, the West is nowhere close to halting its enrichment programme. This is because America has deftly exploited the five year old negotiations between the EU-3 and Iran to coax the Europeans into a protracted discussion over Iran's nuclear ambitions. Furthermore, America has added fuel to the fire through the bravado of the neoconservatives and doggedness of Ahmadinejad, which has resulted in an atmosphere of war and created perpetual tensions in the region. By doing so, America has gained a strategic advantage by persuading the Gulf Arab countries to acquire nuclear energy, by nudging the Israelis into a security pact and by permitting Iran to divert its civilian programme to build atom bombs. On 12/12/2008 the US State Department announced that United States was close to concluding a nuclear cooperation agreement with the United Arab Emirates. The so-called 1-2-3 agreement would be similar to the nuclear cooperation accord the United States reached with India in 2005. It would allow the United States to sell nuclear fuel, equipment and technology to the UAE. Similar agreements are being pursued with Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. [6] In summary, America is working towards the nuclearization of the Middle East.
5. Some Israeli officials have started to prepare the Israeli people for a change in American policy towards Iran. On 18/11/2008 Israel's military intelligence chief said he saw a positive side to a possible US dialogue with Iran. Major-General Amos Yadlin said, "Dialogue with Iran while at the same time insisting on clear and defined parameters for stopping the Iranian nuclear programme is not necessarily negative." [7] On 9/12/2008 the Arab News reported that Israeli President Shimon Peres said that the union of western countries against Iran's policies and the drop in oil prices has rendered the military option against the Islamic Republic unnecessary at this point. Yet there are still some pro-Jewish supporters in the US who pushing Bush administration to attack Iran. In response to their endeavours Brzezinski has warned: "Israel will do harm to its relations with the United States if it insists on lobbying Washington for an American military strike on Iran. It wouldn't be particularly good for American-Israeli relations, and there will be a lot of resentment against [Israel]."
In conclusion, America under the Obama administration will press ahead with normalising US relations with Iran in exchange for a security pact with Israel. However, the pace of the normalisation process will be slow and will probably gather pace after the Iranian presidential election in 2009 and with the removal Ahmadinejad. America will employ a series of carrots and sticks to mould the Iranian regime to implement its policies and protect US interests.
The introduction of NATO is ominous sign in that America wants to safeguard the hydrocarbons (oil and gas) of the Middle East from Russia and China. Iran will serve as America's lynchpin in providing energy security and becoming a frontline state against Russia. The spread of nuclear technology in the Middle East under US auspices signals that from a geostrategic perspective, America is looking to completely surround Russia and China with nuclear armed states stretching from the Eastern Europe to the Asian pacific. The intention is to considerable reduce Russian and Chinese nuclear strike capabilities, and limit the theatre of war to these frontline states. Nevertheless, America faces huge challenges and the foremost is to subdue the resurgence of radical Islam accentuated by the Bush years.
The Muslims of the region and beyond have been manipulated before and served as US pawns to bring down the Soviet Union. Today, Obama and some of his advisors believe that this feat can be repeated against Russia and China. The Muslim ummah must learn from its past experience and turn the tables on these major powers by re-establishing the rightly guided Khilafah which will make these powers fight each other and raise high the Islamic banner over their destruction...inshallah.
Abid Mustafa
15/12/2008
References
1 http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gukPwZ1QPZ-YyzDTyYD370vQaZHA ; title: Gates warns US adversaries not to test Obama;14/12/2008
2 Council of Foreign Affairs Task Force: Iran: Time for a New Approach; Co-Chair Brzezinski and Gates; July 2004
3 Foreign Affairs : Renewing American Leadership; Barack Obama; July/August 2007
4 Haaretz Online: NATO okays pact to boost security, political ties with Israel; Barak Ravid;2/12/2008
5 RIA Novosti Online: U.S. may offer Israel ‘nuclear umbrella' against Iran - paper U.S. may offer Israel ‘nuclear umbrella' against Iran - paper 11/12/2008
6 VOA:US Nears Nuclear Accord With Gulf Emirates; By David Gollust The State Department;12/12/2008
7 Dawn online; General at odds with Tel Aviv on US-Iran talks; 18/12/2008
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Adnan
said:
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The the Bush administration has moved to safeguard Pakistan's nuclear arsenal by offering to share with Islamabad the sophisticated Pals ("permissive action links") technology, which would have linked Pakistan's nuclear weapons to secret codes that would control their activation. In this way the US is prepared to give technology to the Muslim world, because it would be able to control it much easier |
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sadiq
said:
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anyn as ithing happen to muslims anywhere muslims play a crucial role as in iraq,afghan,pal,shame on this leaders,some times u cant imagen what a they thinking... |
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luv4islam
said:
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The issues at stake are complex in nature. Using diplomacy to lure Iran into some form of compliance and then use Iran to fight the Mujahidin in Afghanistan, Pakistan and suppress any form of resistance to US Iraqi puppet leaders who are some how loyal to Iran. So how will this serve the interest of Israel. Indeed, positively if the US succeed in their diplomatic manouvre with Iran. Once Iran comply Isreal will be appeased. But if Israel does not see any achievement in that line, they will likely take unilateral actions. The Iranian people should not play into such trap. They need to insist with the lovely slogan "Down with the USA" or use any presumed compliance to backmail this diplomatic manouvres. Otherwise this people would continue to play on what divide us (Muslims) for their manouvre. There is no time for Muslims to unite better than this era against these crippling western powers when their dominace is rapidly eroding and feeling the shocks of the Mujahidin around them in Afghanistan. May Allah guide us. Amin. |
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Adnan
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Jzk for your question Sister Some policies of the US are general and apply to all the Muslim world whilst others specific and the US works to implement them through bilateral relations. Whilst the US has attempted to stifle Iran’s nuclear programme, Iran through Pakistan and Russia has managed to gain the technical knowledge to enrich uranium to weapons grade level. Basically there is nothing the US can do about this now. With some countries the US will provide them with the technology to develop nuclear reactors as has been the case with the Gulf states, in this way it has not just armed such countries but also now controls them as the nation is reliant upon US technology. Hence rather then nations independently and secretly develop nuclear weapons which could possibly prove problematic for US aims in the region, the US can overcome such a reality by actually providing them the indigenous technology making them reliant upon US knowledge etc. In this way the US provides the Gulf States their security, hence the US controls their fundamental safety. This puts the US in a position of strength rather then weakness. With Pakistan the US is pursuing a particular policy, one were it provides incentives when Pakistan cooperates in the war on terror, but then works to stifle certain development to contain it. America’s fundamental problem with Pakistan is that elements within the ISI and the army support and fund the Mujahideen who are causing the US a heavy defeat in Afghanistan |
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Zeital
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Prior to the Ayatollah, Iran under the Shah was deemed to be another puppet regime propped by for Anglo-American interests. Some more analysis by independent researchers shows that the Shah of Iran was trying to develop his country's infrastructure and become more self sufficient and industrialised. Iran under Mousadeq tried to develop his country and expel Anglo-American rivalry (both nations clashed severely over Iranian oil wells before and after World War Two). Ironically since the so-called 'Islamic' revolution, the passions and emotions where ignited and since then the new regime actually benefited U.S geopolitical interests. It caused a headache for the Soviet Union. Another important move on the chessboard by the U.S.A. Next, cue the Afghan invasion of the 1980’s, undermining Yugoslavia, and the Iran-Iraq War. http://www.henryckliu.com/page66.html |
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zaynab
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Question; Jazakhala khair for your interesting analysis. One part that i'd like clarification on is that you claim the US hopes to arm certain muslim countries with nuclear weapons. However it was my understanding that the west aimed to take our arms away from us like in Pakistan, where they are pushed to shrink their armies. Doesn't the west fear the potential idea of many muslim countries with formidable armies?? |
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